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Math Module

Mathematical functions and constants. All functions are available as static methods on the Math object.

Import requirement:

import std.math.*;

Calls like Math.abs(...) are import-checked and require std.math to be imported.

Typed function-value aliases work too:

import std.math.abs as abs;

f: (Integer) -> Integer = abs;

Direct Math.* members can also be stored as typed function values:

root: (Integer) -> Float = Math.sqrt;
rand: () -> Float = Math.random;
pow_ints: (Integer, Integer) -> Float = Math.pow;
pick: (Integer, Float) -> Float = Math.min;
widened_abs: (Integer) -> Float = Math.abs;

Safe higher-order numeric adaptation applies there too, so Math.abs, Math.min, and Math.max can widen an Integer result to Float in typed function-value contexts just like named functions can.

Constants

Math.pi(): Float

Returns the value of PI (~3.14159).

Math.e(): Float

Returns the value of Euler's number (~2.71828).

Functions

Function Type Signature Description
Math.abs (x: Integer) -> Integer Absolute value of an integer.
Math.sqrt (x: Float) -> Float Square root.
Math.pow (base: Float, exp: Float) -> Float Power function.
Math.sin (x: Float) -> Float Sine (radians).
Math.cos (x: Float) -> Float Cosine (radians).
Math.tan (x: Float) -> Float Tangent (radians).
Math.floor (x: Float) -> Float Floor rounding.
Math.ceil (x: Float) -> Float Ceiling rounding.
Math.round (x: Float) -> Float Nearest integer rounding.
Math.log (x: Float) -> Float Natural logarithm.
Math.log10 (x: Float) -> Float Base 10 logarithm.
Math.exp (x: Float) -> Float Exponential (e^x).
Math.random () -> Float Random number between 0.0 and 1.0.
Math.min <T>(a: T, b: T) -> T Smaller of two values.
Math.max <T>(a: T, b: T) -> T Larger of two values.

Math.abs(Integer) fails fast on the minimum signed Integer value because its positive counterpart cannot be represented in the same type.

Conversions

Function Type Signature Description
to_int `(x: Float Integer
to_float `(x: Integer Float) -> Float`
NextStr Module (Strings)